Source and information

Canadian housing start—Seasonally adjusted annual rate (SAAR)

A rate adjustment used for economic or business data that attempts to remove seasonal variations in the data. The time of year will affect most data. Adjusting for the seasonality in data enables more accurate month-to-month comparisons. The SAAR is calculated by dividing the unadjusted annual rate for the month by its seasonality factor and creating an adjusted annual rate for the month. These adjustments are more often used when economic data are released to the public.

Source: Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation.

Capital and repair expenditures

Capital expenditures include the cost of procuring, constructing and installing or leasing new durable plants, machinery or equipment, whether for replacement or addition to existing assets. Also included are all capitalized costs such as feasibility studies and architectural, legal, installation and engineering fees; the value of capital assets put in place by firms either by contract or with the firm’s own labour force; and, capitalized interest charges on loans for capital projects. Repair expenditures include costs to repair and maintain structures, machinery and equipment.

Source: Statistics Canada, Capital and repair expenditures, by sector and province, annual (dollars), CANSIM Table 029-0005 and Capital and repair expenditures, industry sectors 31-33, manufacturing, annual (dollars), CANSIM Table 029-0009.

Contribution to gross domestic product (GDP)

The total unduplicated value of the goods and services produced in an economic area such as a country or region during a given period. (“Unduplicated value” means that the intermediate costs of producing an item or service have been deducted.) Figures are in constant dollars and only available for Canada. The constant dollars are used to measure variations in the dollar's real value over time. The constant dollar is the real value of a current dollar compared with a dollar's value in a specific reference year. Expressing GDP in constant dollars makes it possible to measure real growth by removing the effect of inflation.

Source: Statistics Canada, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at basic prices, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), monthly (dollars), CANSIM Table 379-0027, and Selected economic indicators, provincial economic accounts, annual, CANSIM Table 384-0013.

Direct jobs

Persons employed directly in the following industries: forestry and logging, industries involved in support activities for forestry, and paper product manufacturing and wood product manufacturing.

The data are sourced from Statistics Canada’s Labour Forces Survey (LFS) and the Survey of Employment, Payrolls and Hours (SEPH). Due to different methodologies, not all these data are comparable.

Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey (LFS), special extraction and the Survey of Employment, Payrolls and Hours, unadjusted for seasonal variation, by type of employee for selected industries classified using the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), monthly (persons), CANSIM Table 281-0023.

Domestic consumption of forest products

Natural Resources Canada–Canadian Forest Service calculated the consumption figures for these products. This information is available only at the national level.

New investments

All expenditures made on buildings, engineering, construction, machinery and equipment (including imports of used machinery and equipment) for the current time period. Investment in buildings includes transfer costs on the sale of existing assets (for example, real estate commissions).

Source: Statistics Canada, Capital and repair expenditures, by sector and province, annual (dollars), CANSIM Table 029-0005 and Capital and repair expenditures, industry sectors 31-33, manufacturing, annual (dollars), CANSIM Table 029-0009.

Revenue from goods manufactured

Revenue from the sale of goods manufactured using materials owned by the establishment as well as from repair work, manufacturing service charges and work contracted to others.

Source: Statistics Canada, Annual Survey of Manufactures and Logging (ASML): Logging industries, principal statistics by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), annual, CANSIM Table 301-0007 and Principal statistics for manufacturing industries, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), annual, CANSIM Table 301-0006.

Wages and salaries

The earnings, in cash or in kind, of Canadian residents for work performed before deduction of income taxes and contributions to pension funds, employment insurance and other social insurance schemes.

Source: Statistics Canada, Annual Survey of Manufactures and Logging (ASML): Logging industries, principal statistics by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), annual, CANSIM Table 301-0007 and Annual Survey of Manufactures and Logging (ASML): Principal statistics for manufacturing industries, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), annual, CANSIM Table 301-0006.

Area classification
Source: National Forest Inventory 2006.

Forest type
Source: National Forest Inventory 2006.

Ownership
Source: Canada’s Forest Inventory 2001.

The National Forest Inventory uses the following Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FA0) definitions:

Forest land
Areas of land where tree canopies cover more than 10 percent of the total area and the trees, when mature, can grow to a height of more than 5 metres. Does not include land that is predominantly urban or used for agricultural purposes.

Other land with tree cover
Areas of land where tree canopies cover more than 10 percent of the total area and the trees, when mature, can grow to a height of at least 5 metres. Includes treed areas on farms, in parks and gardens, and around buildings. Also includes tree plantations established mainly for purposes other than wood production, such as fruit orchards.

Other wooded land
Areas of land where 1) tree canopies cover 5–10 percent of the total area and the trees, when mature, can grow to a height above 5 metres; or 2) shrubs, bushes and trees together cover more than 10 percent of the area. These areas include treed wetlands (swamps) and land with slow-growing and scattered trees. They do not include land that is predominantly agricultural or urban.

Area defoliated by insects and beetle-killed trees

The data include areas where there is tree mortality and moderate to severe defoliation. Defoliation does not always imply mortality; for example, stands with moderate defoliation often recover and may not lose much growth. Also, defoliation is mapped on an insect-species basis, and a given area may be afflicted by more than one species at a time. This may result in double or triple counting in areas affected by more than one species, exaggerating the extent of the total area defoliated.

Source: National Forestry Database.

Area planted and seeded

Total of federal, private and provincial land.

Source: National Forestry Database.

Carbon emissions/removals

For forest lands affected by land-use change, the deforestation and afforestation figures reflect annual rates, while the figures for CO₂ equivalent emissions (CO₂e) and removals reflect the current year plus the previous 20 years. Thus, the figures for CO₂e emissions include residual emissions from areas deforested over the past 20 years, and the figures for CO₂e removals include ongoing removals by areas afforested over the past 20 years. Emissions and removals exactly match the most recent greenhouse gas inventory figures submitted to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Emissions always bear a positive sign, while removals bear a negative sign.

For managed forests, the negative value for net greenhouse gas inventory denotes net greenhouse gas uptake from the atmosphere by the forest. Net greenhouse gas exchange describes the net exchange of greenhouse gases between the forests and the atmosphere, with the negative value denoting net greenhouse gas uptake from the atmosphere by the forest.

Source: National Inventory Report 2011, Environment Canada (based on Natural Resources Canada–Canadian Forest Service data/analysis).

Fire

Area burned includes areas within all of Canada’s forests.

Sources: All figures for the most current year are from the Canadian Interagency Forest Fire Centre. Data for all previous years were provided by the provinces/territories and are available from the National Forestry Database.

Forest area certified

If a forest area has been certified to more than one of the three sustainable forest management standards (Canadian Standards Association [CSA], Sustainable Forestry Initiative [SFI] and Forest Stewardship Council [FSC]), the area is counted only once. Hence, the total certifications for SFM standards may be less than the sum of the individual totals for these standards.

Source: Canadian Sustainable Forestry Certification Coalition.

Harvest (volume)

The national and provincial/territorial figures for harvesting volume include data for industrial roundwood, fuelwood and firewood.

Source: National Forestry Database.

Christmas trees

The production quantity and value are based on estimates calculated by Natural Resources Canada–Canadian Forest Service.

Sources: Statistics Canada and National Forestry Database.

Lumber

Source: Statistics Canada, Sawn lumber production and shipments, monthly (cubic metres dry), CANSIM Table 303-0009.

Maple products

Source: National Forestry Database.

Newsprint, printing and writing paper, wood pulp

The production and consumption figures are based on Pulp and Paper Products Council data.

Structural panels

The production and consumption data of structural panels—plywood and oriented strandboard—are from the APA–The Engineered Wood Association.

Wildlife pelts (minus sealskins)

Source: Statistics Canada, Number and value of pelts produced, annual, CANSIM Table 003-0013.

Balance of trade

The difference between the value of the goods and services that a country exports and the value of the goods and services that it imports. If a country’s exports exceed its imports, it has a trade surplus. If imports exceed exports, the country has a trade deficit.

Source: Statistics Canada, merchandise trade data (special extraction), monthly data.