Canadian Forest Service Publications
Publications by G. Daoust
83 records.
-
Juvenile productivity of five hybrid poplar clones and 20 genetically improved white and Norway spruces in boreal clay-belt of Quebec, Canada
Larchevêque, M.; Larocque, G.R.; Desrochers, A.; Tremblay, F.; Gaussiran, S.; Boutin, R.; Brais, S.; Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.; Périnet, P.
Year: 2010
Catalog ID: 31764
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Negative or positive effects of plantation and intensive forestry on biodiversity: a matter of scale and perspective
Hartmann, H.; Daoust, G.; Bigué, B.; Messier, C.
Year: 2010
Catalog ID: 31703
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Somatic embryogenesis, a tool for accelerating the selection and deployment of hybrids of eastern white pine (Pinus strobus) and Himalayan white pine (Pinus wallichiana) resistant to white pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola)
Daoust, G.; Klimaszewska, K.; Plourde, D.
Year: 2009
Catalog ID: 31435
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
In Brief from the Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry Centre. Number 15.
Larocque, G.R.; Laflamme, G.; Bernier, P.-Y.; Beaudoin, A.; Paré, D.; Daoust, G.
Year: 2008
Catalog ID: 30974
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (download) -
Les Brèves du Service canadien des forêts, Centre de foresterie des Laurentides. Numéro 15.
Larocque, G.R.; Laflamme, G.; Bernier, P.-Y.; Beaudoin, A.; Paré, D.; Daoust, G.
Year: 2008
Catalog ID: 29228
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (download) -
Advances in forest genetics, genomics and biodiversity at the Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry Centre.
Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.; Isabel, N.; Deslauriers, M.; Lamothe, M.
Year: 2007
Catalog ID: 39375
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Développement de la densité du bois chez des familles de jeunes pins blancs (Pinus strobus L.) en pollinisation libre
Larocque, G.R.; Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.; Zhang, S.Y.
Year: 2007
Catalog ID: 28410
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (download) -
Wood density development in young open-pollinated eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) families
Larocque, G.R.; Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.; Zhang, S.Y.
Year: 2007
Catalog ID: 28423
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (download) -
Développement juvénile de 25 familles de pin blanc (Pinus strobus L.) issues de pollinisation libre en plantations mélangées avec l'aulne rugueux (Alnus incana)
Larocque, G.R.; Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.; Ung, C.-H.
Year: 2007
Catalog ID: 27405
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (download) -
Juvenile development of 25 open-pollinated families of eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) interplanted with grey alder (Alnus incana)
Larocque, G.R.; Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.; Ung, C.-H.
Year: 2007
Catalog ID: 27406
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (download) -
Impact du charançon du pin blanc (Pissodes strobi Peck) dans les plantations d'épinette de Norvège (Picea abies (L.) Karst). Partie 2 : Propriétés du bois des sciages.
Mottet, M.J.; Daoust, G.; Zhang, S.Y.
Year: 2006
Catalog ID: 33436
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Impact of the white pine weevil (Pissodes strobi [Peck]) on Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) plantations. Part 2: Lumber properties
Mottet, M.J.; Daoust, G.; Zhang, S.Y.
Year: 2006
Catalog ID: 26978
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Impact of the white pine weevil (Pissodes strobi Peck) on Norway spruce plantations (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) Part 1: Productivity and lumber quality
Year: 2006
Catalog ID: 26633
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Impact du charançon du pin blanc (Pissodes strobi Peck) dans les plantations d'épinettes de Norvège (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). Partie 1 : Productivité et qualité des sciages.
Year: 2006
Catalog ID: 26626
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Advances in forest genetics, genomics and biodiversity at the Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry Centre.
Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.; Isabel, N.; Bigras, F.J.; Deslauriers, M.
Year: 2005
Catalog ID: 39376
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
In Brief from the Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry Centre. Number 7.
Beaulieu, J.; Klimaszewska, K.; Paré, D.; Séguin, A.; Daoust, G.
Year: 2005
Catalog ID: 26562
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (download) -
Les Brèves du Service canadien des forêts, Centre de foresterie des Laurentides. Numéro 7.
Beaulieu, J.; Klimaszewska, K.; Paré, D.; Séguin, A.; Daoust, G.
Year: 2005
Catalog ID: 26527
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (download) -
A simple effective tool for controlling white pine weevil and blister rust on Norway spruce and Eastern white pine
Coulombe, C.; Bélanger, G.; Lavallée, R.; Laflamme, G.; Daoust, G.
Year: 2004
Catalog ID: 32511
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (download) -
Un outil de contrôle simple et efficace contre le charançon et la rouille vésiculeuse du pin blanc
Coulombe, C.; Bélanger, G.; Lavallée, R.; Laflamme, G.; Daoust, G.
Year: 2004
Catalog ID: 32505
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (download) -
Genetics, breeding, improvement and conservation of Pinus strobus in Canada
Year: 2004
Catalog ID: 25350
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Épinette de Norvège : toujours une valeur sûre. L’éclaircie du Service canadien des forêts, Centre de foresterie des Laurentides. No. 9.
Year: 2004
Catalog ID: 25070
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (download) -
Norway spruce: steady value. Branching out from the Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry Centre. No. 9.
Year: 2004
Catalog ID: 25072
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (download) -
Is the use of trees with superior growth a threat to soil nutrient availability? A case study with Norway spruce
Bélanger, N.; Paré, D.; Bouchard, M.; Daoust, G.
Year: 2004
Catalog ID: 24879
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
La diversité génétique des espèces arborescentes de la forêt boréale
Beaulieu, J.; Rainville, A.; Daoust, G.
Year: 2001
Catalog ID: 19579
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Feeding, oviposition and emergence of white pine weevil (Pissodes strobi (Peck)) under a pioneer broad-leaved forest canopy
Lavallée, R.; Daoust, G.; Mauffette, Y.; Audet, G.; Coulombe, C.
Year: 2001
Catalog ID: 19300
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Evidence for low genetic diversity and metapopulation structure in Canada yew (Taxus Canadensis): considerations for conservation
Senneville, S.; Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.; Deslauriers, M.; Bousquet, J.
Year: 2001
Catalog ID: 18937
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Wet vs. dry pollination in white spruce
Year: 2000
Catalog ID: 20790
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: Not available through the CFS (click for more information). -
Low genetic diversity at allozyme loci in Juglans cinerea
Morin, R.; Beaulieu, J.; Deslauriers, M.; Daoust, G.; Bousquet, J.
Year: 2000
Catalog ID: 20487
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Economic impact of genetic improvement of Norway spruce
Côté, J.-F.; Daoust, G.; Masse, S.; Prégent, G.
Year: 1999
Catalog ID: 21346
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: Print (free) -
Du VIAGRA pour les arbres
Year: 1999
Catalog ID: 20827
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: Not available through the CFS (click for more information). -
La diversité génétique : une alliée indispensable pour maintenir l'adaptabilité des essences forestières
Deslauriers, M.; Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.; Bousquet, J.; Isabel, N.
Year: 1999
Catalog ID: 20828
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Impact économique de l'amélioration génétique de l'épinette de Norvège
Côté, J.-F.; Daoust, G.; Masse, S.; Prégent, G.
Year: 1999
Catalog ID: 16832
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: Print (free) -
Flower induction treatments have no effects on seed traits and transmission of alleles in Picea glauca
Beaulieu, J.; Deslauriers, M.; Daoust, G.
Year: 1998
Catalog ID: 16813
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Patterns of adaptive genetic variation in eastern white pine (Pinus strobus) from Quebec
Li, P.; Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.; Plourde, A.
Year: 1997
Catalog ID: 16750
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Comparative genetic structure and patterns of genetic variation among populations for white spruce (Picea glauca) and eastern white pine (Pinus strobus) in eastern Canada.
Li, P.; Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.; Bousquet, J.; Plourde, A.
Year: 1996
Catalog ID: 39401
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Amélioration des arbres - Production de plants.
Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.; Plourde, A.
Year: 1996
Catalog ID: 39399
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Application of spatial statistics in two genetic tests of eastern white pine
Li, P.; Beaulieu, J.; Magnussen, S.; Daoust, G.; Plourde, A.
Year: 1996
Catalog ID: 16722
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Application de méthodes d'analyse spatiale à deux tests génétiques de pin blanc
Li, P.; Beaulieu, J.; Magnussen, S.; Daoust, G.; Plourde, A.
Year: 1996
Catalog ID: 16723
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Genetic variation in juvenile growth of Pinus strobus in replicated Quebec provenance-progeny tests
Beaulieu, J.; Plourde, A.; Daoust, G.; Lamontagne, L.
Year: 1996
Catalog ID: 16730
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Influences of crown size and maturation on flower production and sex expression in Picea glauca treated with gibberellin A4/7
Daoust, G.; Plourde, A.; Beaulieu, J.
Year: 1995
Catalog ID: 16667
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Étude de la résistance génétique de l'épinette de Norvège et du pin blanc au charançon du pin blanc
Lavallée, R.; Plourde, A.; Daoust, G.; Larochelle, F.
Year: 1995
Catalog ID: 16741
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Forest tree genetic conservation activities at the Laurentian Forestry Centre
Plourde, A.; Daoust, G.; Beaulieu, J.
Year: 1995
Catalog ID: 16971
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: Not available through the CFS (click for more information). -
Wood quality of Norway spruce grown in plantations in Quebec
Blouin, D.; Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.; Poliquin, J.
Year: 1994
Catalog ID: 16608
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Notes pour les visites à l'arboretum de Matapédia. Été 1993.
Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.; Plourde, A.
Year: 1993
Catalog ID: 39404
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Tree genetics and improvement at ForCan Quebec (Abstract)
Plourde, A.; Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.
Year: 1993
Catalog ID: 21203
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: Not available through the CFS (click for more information). -
Effets de l'induction florale sur la qualité génétique des semences d'épinette blanche
Deslauriers, M.; Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.; Plourde, A.
Year: 1993
Catalog ID: 21194
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Influence of crown volume and juvenility on flower production and sex expression in Picea glauca treated with gibberellin A4/7 (Abstract)
Daoust, G.; Plourde, A.; Beaulieu, J.
Year: 1993
Catalog ID: 21191
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: Not available through the CFS (click for more information). -
Controlled pollinations in a white spruce clonal seed orchard in 1992 in Quebec
Daoust, G.; Beaulieu, J.; Plourde, A.; Pâquet, R.
Year: 1993
Catalog ID: 21192
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: Not available through the CFS (click for more information). -
Impact de la sélection sur la variabilité génétique de l'épinette blanche au Québec
Desponts, M.; Plourde, A.; Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.
Year: 1993
Catalog ID: 16532
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Compte rendu de la journée d'échanges sur la recherche et le développement en génétique de l'épinette blanche au Québec
Year: 1993
Catalog ID: 16538
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Utilisation du critère de la densité du bois dans le programme d'amélioration génétique de l'épinette de Norvège au Québec
Blouin, D.; Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.; Plourde, A.
Year: 1993
Catalog ID: 16900
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Effet de l'induction florale sur la ségrégation et le linkage chez l'épinette blanche (Résumé)
Deslauriers, M.; Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.; Plourde, A.
Year: 1993
Catalog ID: 16906
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Sélection d'épinettes de Norvège résistantes au charançon du pin blanc (résumé)
Larochelle, F.; Lavallée, R.; Plourde, A.; Daoust, G.; Bauce, E.
Year: 1993
Catalog ID: 16913
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Utilisation du charançon du pin blanc dans le processus de sélection de l'épinette de Norvège
Larochelle, F.; Lavallée, R.; Daoust, G.; Plourde, A.
Year: 1993
Catalog ID: 16979
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Densité du bois et production volumique de 22 provenances d'épinette de Norvège (résumé)
Blouin, D.; Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.; Poliquin, J.
Year: 1993
Catalog ID: 16980
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Modified augmented design adapted to Norway spruce progeny tests
Daoust, G.; Beaulieu, J.; Plourde, A.
Year: 1993
Catalog ID: 16981
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: Not available through the CFS (click for more information). -
L'induction florale chez l'épinette blanche
Daoust, G.; Plourde, A.; Beaulieu, J.
Year: 1993
Catalog ID: 16983
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
L'amélioration génétique de l'épinette blanche au Québec
Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.; Plourde, A.
Year: 1993
Catalog ID: 16984
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Induction florale de clones de Picea glauca
Daoust, G.; Plourde, A.; Beaulieu, J.
Year: 1992
Catalog ID: 16904
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: Not available through the CFS (click for more information). -
Heritability and genetic correlations of wood characters of Upper Ottawa Valley white spruce populations grown in Quebec
Corriveau, A.; Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.
Year: 1991
Catalog ID: 14075
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Induction florale chez Picea glauca et P. abies
Daoust, G.; Plourde, A.; Beaulieu, J.
Year: 1991
Catalog ID: 14082
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: Not available through the CFS (click for more information). -
Variabilité génétique de populations d'épinette blanche (Picea glauca [Moench] Voss) intégrées dans le programme d'amélioration du Québec.
Desponts, M.; Plourde, A.; Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.
Year: 1991
Catalog ID: 14091
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: Not available through the CFS (click for more information). -
Génétique forestière à Forêts Canada - Région du Québec (Résumé d’affiche).
Plourde, A.; Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.; Corriveau, A.
Year: 1991
Catalog ID: 14191
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: Not available through the CFS (click for more information). -
Paramètres génétiques et gains escomptés chez le sapin baumier
Beaulieu, J.; Corriveau, A.; Daoust, G.
Year: 1990
Catalog ID: 16718
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Genetic parameters and expected gains in balsam fir
Beaulieu, J.; Corriveau, A.; Daoust, G.
Year: 1990
Catalog ID: 16719
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Gains génétiques espérés chez le sapin baumier du Québec
Beaulieu, J.; Corriveau, A.; Daoust, G.
Year: 1989
Catalog ID: 14016
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: Not available through the CFS (click for more information). -
Phenotypic stability and delineation of black spruce breeding zones in Quebec
Beaulieu, J.; Corriveau, A.; Daoust, G.
Year: 1989
Catalog ID: 14017
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Productivité et stabilité phénotypique de l'épinette rouge au Québec
Beaulieu, J.; Corriveau, A.; Daoust, G.
Year: 1989
Catalog ID: 14026
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Stabilité phénotypique et délimitation des zones d'amélioration de l'épinette noire au Québec
Beaulieu, J.; Corriveau, A.; Daoust, G.
Year: 1989
Catalog ID: 14027
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
L'induction florale : possible et indispensable en génétique et amélioration des arbres (résumé)
Corriveau, A.; Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.
Year: 1989
Catalog ID: 14074
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: Not available through the CFS (click for more information). -
Génétique forestière à Forêts Canada - Région du Québec
Corriveau, A.; Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.; Plourde, A.
Year: 1989
Catalog ID: 14076
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: Not available through the CFS (click for more information). -
Phenotypic stability and productivity of Central European Norway spruce populations in Quebec, Canada
Corriveau, A.; Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.
Year: 1988
Catalog ID: 14512
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: Not available through the CFS (click for more information). -
Productivité et stabilité phénotypique de l'épinette rouge au Québec
Beaulieu, J.; Corriveau, A.; Daoust, G.
Year: 1987
Catalog ID: 14278
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: Not available through the CFS (click for more information). -
Tree genetics and improvement at CFS Quebec 1985-1987
Corriveau, A.; Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.
Year: 1987
Catalog ID: 14511
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: Not available through the CFS (click for more information). -
Aptitudes au bouturage d'épiceas communs (Picea abies (L.) Karst) d'origines différentes et âgés de 19 ans
Daoust, G.; Beaulieu, J.; Corriveau, A.
Year: 1987
Catalog ID: 14520
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: Not available through the CFS (click for more information). -
Aptitudes au bouturage de l'épicea commun à l'âge de la reproduction
Daoust, G.; Beaulieu, J.; Corriveau, A.
Year: 1987
Catalog ID: 14521
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
Activités de recherche et amélioration des arbres forestiers au Québec
Corriveau, A.; Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.
Year: 1986
Catalog ID: 14508
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: Not available through the CFS (click for more information). -
Génétique et amélioration des résineux : progrès et perspectives, SCF-Québec
Corriveau, A.; Beaulieu, J.; Daoust, G.
Year: 1986
Catalog ID: 14509
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: Not available through the CFS (click for more information). -
MIMOSOL - Interactive computer program for minimum inbreeding and maximum outcrossing seed orchard layouts
Beaulieu, J.; Corriveau, A.; Daoust, G.
Year: 1985
Catalog ID: 14276
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: PDF (request by e-mail) -
MIMOSOL - Programme informatique interactif pour la réalisation de plans de vergers à graines réduisant l'inbreeding et favorisant l'hétérofécondation
Beaulieu, J.; Corriveau, A.; Daoust, G.
Year: 1985
Catalog ID: 14277
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: Not available through the CFS (click for more information). -
CFS forest genetics research and tree improvement in Quebec : 1981-1983
Year: 1983
Catalog ID: 14506
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: Not available through the CFS (click for more information). -
Le Centre Agro-Forestier de Belle-Rivière
Year: 1981
Catalog ID: 14519
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: Not available through the CFS (click for more information). -
Centre agro-forestier de Belle-Rivière, Mirabel; Jardin forestier. I : Plan d'aménagement, II : Devis, III : Etapes d'implantation
Year: 1977
Catalog ID: 16332
Available from: Laurentian Forestry Centre
CFS Availability: Not available through the CFS (click for more information).
This may not be a complete list of the author's publications. This list provides the author's publications since he or she joined, or worked in cooperation with, the CFS. When available, another link is provided for periods of work elsewhere.
- Date modified: