Canadian Forest Service Publications
Ipsenol, ipsdienol, ethanol, and α-pinene: trap lure blend for Cerambycidae and Buprestidae (Coleoptera) in pine forests of eastern North America. 2015. Miller, D.R.; Crow, C.M.; Dodds, K.J.; Galligan, L.D.; De Groot, P.; Hoebeke, E.R.; Mayfield, A.E. III; Poland, T.M.; Raffa, K.F.; Sweeney, J.D. Journal of Economic Entomology 108(4):1837-1851.
Year: 2015
Issued by: Atlantic Forestry Centre
Catalog ID: 36302
Language: English
Availability: PDF (download)
Abstract
In 2007-2008, we examined the flight responses of wood-boring beetles (Coleoptera: Ceramycidae and Buprestidae) to multiple-funnel traps baited with the pine volatiles, ethanol, and α-pinene [85% (-)], and the bark beetle pheromones, racemic ipsenol and racemic ipsdienol. Experiments were conducted in mature pine stands in Canada (Ontario and New Brunswick) and the United States (Arkansas, Florida, Michigan, New Hampshire, North Carolina, Ohio, Tennessee, and Wisconsin). At each location, traps were deployed in 10 replicate blocks of four traps per block. The trap treatments were: 1) blank control; 2) ipsenol and ipsdienol; 3) ethanol and α-pinene; and 4) a quaternary blend of ipsenol, ipsdienol, ethanol, and α-pinene. Traps baited with the quaternary blend caught the greatest numbers of Acanthocinus nodosus (F.), Acanthocinus obsoletus (Olivier), Acmaeops proteus (Kirby), Astylopsis sexguttata (Say), Rhagium inquisitor (L.) (Cerambycidae), and Buprestis lineata (F.) (Buprestidae). Traps baited with ethanol and α-pinene cauth the greatest numbers of Arhopalus rusticus (LeConte), Asemum striatum (L.), Tetropium spp., Xylotrechus sagittatus (Germar) (Cerambycidae), and Buprestis maculipennis Gory (Buprestidae) with minimal interruption by ipsenol and ipsdienol. Our results suggest that multiple-funnel traps baited with the quaternary lure blend of ipsenol, ipsdienol, ethanol, and α-pinene are effective for trapping various species of wood-boring beetles in pine forests of eastern North America, and may have utility in detection programs for adventive species in North America and overseas.
Plain Language Summary
Trapping surveys for exotic (non-native) bark and wood boring beetles are conducted annually in Canada and the United States to detect potentially invasive species that could damage our forests. Traps in these surveys are usually baited with lures that smell like weakened trees, like alpha-pinene (a chemical predominant in turpentine) and ethanol, because many species of bark and wood boring beetle prefer to infest weakened trees. This study tested whether the addition of particular bark beetle pheromones (chemicals emitted by the beetles that attract members of the same species) to traps baited with alpha-pinene and ethanol would improve attraction and detection rate of wood boring beetles. The study was conducted at ten different pine forests in eastern North America, including New Brunswick and Ontario, with the assumption that traps and lures that improve detection of North American wood boring beetles will also improve detection of beetles in the same families from Europe and Asia. The study found that the addition of pheromones to traps baited with alpha-pinene and ethanol improved the detection of six species of beetles with very few adverse effects on catch of other species. Results suggest that traps baited with the enhanced lures would be effective for surveys of wood boring beetles in pine forests of eastern North America, as well as in annual exotic beetle surveys in North America and overseas.