Canadian Forest Service Publications
Potential of combining morphometry and ancient DNA information to investigate grapevine domestication. Bacilieri, R., Bouby, L., Figueiral, I., Schaal, C., Terral, J. F., Breton, C., ... & Schlumbaum, A. (2017). Vegetation history and archaeobotany, 26(3), 345-356.
Year: 2017
Issued by: Laurentian Forestry Centre
Catalog ID: 40438
Language: English
Availability: PDF (request by e-mail)
Available from the Journal's Web site. †
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-016-0597-4
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Abstract
"The goal of this work was to explore the possibility (1) of carrying out both morphogeometric and archaeological DNA analyses on the same grape pips and (2) of comparing different molecular markers to reveal DNA variation, namely Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs) and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs). We focused on waterlogged seeds originating from three Roman and one medieval archaeological sites in France. Our first results indicate that taking photographs of pips is not detrimental to the preservation of DNA, provided a specific protocol is respected. Regarding the genetic markers, obtaining reliable information in sufficient quantity proved very difficult using SSRs. SNPs have a much more interesting potential, providing greater success rates and reliability. Here in four archaeological pips we studied 842 SNPs, derived from known polymorphisms in several genes, including one gene related to sex. Phylogenies built using these genetic markers indicate that three pips from the Roman site of Gasquinoy are close to modern wild grapevines and/or the female group, while the only medieval pip from Colletie`re is hermaphrodite and close to the modern cultivated group. Morphogeometrical results are in agreement with these findings. We conclude that the combined use of SNP markers and morphogeometry is promising for deciphering the intricate history of grapevine domestication."
Plain Language Summary
This study was designed to explore grapevine domestication by combining shape analyses and ancient DNA information of the same archaeological grape pips (seeds). To reach our goal, we used waterlogged seeds from archaeological sites from Roman period in France. The first results show that taking photographs of pips for shape measurements does not interfere with preserving their DNA. It was difficult to gather enough helpful information about the genetics of the pips through our first selected process, Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs). However, the second process, Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs), seemed to have more potential, due to greater success rates and reliability. Our results are still too limited to draw a general conclusion but they demonstrate that the combination of the processes is a promising way to understand the history behind grapevine domestication.
